Green Synthesized Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Reinforce Osteogenesis Properties of Bacterial Cellulose Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications: An In Vitro Assessment

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

2 Fertility and Infertility Research Centre, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

3 Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran

4 Immunology Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Objective: The use of biocompatible scaffolds with appropriate characteristics to treat large bone defects has attracted
significant attention. The main objective of the current study is to fabricate a 3D nanocomposite structure that contains
green synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) and bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibres, as a bioscaffold
for bone regeneration.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, Camellia sinensis extract was used as the green method to
synthesize MgONPs. The synthesized hydrogels were evaluated for their porosity, morphology, degradation rate,
mechanical features, cell attachment, and cytocompatibility. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by alkaline
phosphatase (ALP) activity, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and alizarin red
staining.
Results: MgONPs significantly increased both mechanical strength (P=0.009) and porosity (P=0.01) of the BC
hydrogels. Human MG-63 osteoblast proliferation significantly increased in the MgONP-BC group compared to the
pure BC group (P=0.003). Expression rates of both the ALP (P=0.001) and osteocalcin (OCN) genes were significantly
enhanced in cells seeded on the MgONP-incorporated BC. MG-63 cells had significantly greater calcium deposition
and ALP activity (P=0.002) on the MgONP-BC scaffold compared to the BC at day 21.
Conclusion: The MgONP-BC scaffold can promote the osteogenic activity of osteoblast-like cells, which indicates its
therapeutic potential for bone tissue regeneration.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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