CYP19A1 Promoters Activity in Human Granulosa Cells: A Comparison between PCOS and Normal Subjects

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

2 Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center (IBRC), ACECR, Tehran, Iran

3 Faculty of Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

5 Department of Genetics at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Objective: Estrogen, a female hormone maintaining several critical functions in women's physiology, e.g., folliculogenesis and fertility, is predominantly produced by ovarian granulosa cells where aromatase enzyme converts androgen to estrogen. The principal enzyme responsible for this catalytic reaction is encoded by the CYP19A1 gene, with a long  regulatory region. Abnormalities in this process cause metabolic disorders in women, one of the most common of which 
is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The main purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the promoters 
on aromatase expression in cells with normal and PCOS characteristics. 
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, four promoters of the CYP19A1 gene, including PII, I.3, I.4, and PII/ I .3 promoter fragments, were cloned upstream of the luciferase gene and transfected into normal and PCOS granulosa cells. Subsequently, the effect of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on the activity of these regulatory regions was examined in the presence and absence of FSH. Western blotting was used to confirm aromatase expression in all groups. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA and paired sample t test, compared by post-hoc least significant difference (LSD) test. 
Results: Luciferase results confirmed the intense activity of PII promoter in the presence of FSH. Moreover, the study 
demonstrated reduced activity of PII promoter in normal granulosa cells, possibly due to the regulatory region of I.3 next to PII. 
Conclusion: FSH stimulates transcription of aromatase enzyme by affecting PII promoter, a process regulated by the 
inhibitory role of the I.3 region in PII activity in granulosa cells. Given the distinct role of these promoters in normal and 
PCOS granulosa cells, the importance of nuclear factors residing in these regions can be discerned. 

Keywords

References

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Cell Journal (Yakhteh)
Volume 24, Issue 4
April 2022
Pages 170-175

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