A Novel Insight into Endothelial and Cardiac Cells Phenotype in Systemic Sclerosis Using Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell

Gholami, Sedigheh; Mazidi, Zahra; Pahlavan, Sara; Moslem, Fariba; Hosseini, Mahya; Taei, Adeleh; Hesaraki, Mahdi; Barekat, Maryam; Aghdami, Nasser

doi:10.22074/cellj.2021.7244

A Novel Insight into Endothelial and Cardiac Cells Phenotype in Systemic Sclerosis Using Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ .Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran;.Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and

² .Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

³ .Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

10.22074/cellj.2021.7244

Abstract

Objective
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease associated with vascular damage and multi organ fibrotic changes with unknown pathogenesis. Most SSc patients suffer from defective angiogenesis/vasculogenesis and cardiac conditions leading to high mortality rates. We aimed to investigate the cardiovascular phenotype of SSc by cardiogenic differentiation of SSc induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC).
Materials and Methods
In this experimental study, we generated iPSC from two diffuse SSc patients, followed by successful differentiation into endothelial cells (ECs) and cardiomyocytes (CMs).
Results
SSc-derived EC (SSc-EC) expressed KDR, a nearly EC marker, similar to healthy control-EC (C1-EC). After sorting and culturing KDR+ cells, the resulting EC expressed CD31, a late endothelial marker, but vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin expression markedly dropped resulting in a functional defect as reflected in tube formation failure of SSc-EC. Interestingly, upregulation of SNAI1 (snail family transcriptional repressor 1) was observed in SSc-EC which might underlie VE-cadherin downregulation. Furthermore, SSc-derived CM (SSc-CM) successfully expressed cardiac- specific markers including ion channels, resulting in normal physiological behavior and responsiveness to cardioactive drugs.
Conclusion
This study provides an insight into impaired angiogenesis observed in SSc patients by evaluating in vitro cardiovascular differentiation of SSc iPSC.

Keywords