Cytotoxicity Evaluation of The Bioresorbable and Titanium Plates/Screws Used in Maxillofacial Surgery on Gingival Fibroblasts and Human Mesenchymal Bone Marrow Stem Cells

Vatani, Masoud; Beigi, Mohammad Hossein; Ejeian, Fatemeh; Mottaghi, Ahmad; Yadegari-Naeini, Afshin

doi:10.22074/cellj.2020.6409

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of The Bioresorbable and Titanium Plates/Screws Used in Maxillofacial Surgery on Gingival Fibroblasts and Human Mesenchymal Bone Marrow Stem Cells

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ .Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch, Isfahan, Iran

² .Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran

10.22074/cellj.2020.6409

Abstract

Objective
Bioresorbable and titanium plates/screws are considered as a standard treatment for fixation of the bone segments of craniofacial area and paying attention to their biocompatibility is an important issue along with other aspects of application. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the cell viability of two types of plate and screw used in maxillofacial surgeries in contact with gingival fibroblasts and bone marrow stem cells.
Materials and Methods
In this experimental study after extraction and cultivation of cells from healthy human gingival tissue and alveolar bone of jaw, cytotoxicity of device was evaluated. In direct contact method, samples had near vicinity contact with the both cell lines and in indirect contact method, by-products released, like ions, from samples after 8 weeks were used to assess cytotoxicity. Then cytotoxicity was evaluated on the 2nd, 4th and 6th day with MTS tests and microscopy. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and independent t tests.
Results
There was a statistically significant difference between the German plate and screw and all the samples studied on day 6 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was observed between both metal samples and both bio-absorbable samples on day 6 and both cell lines (P < 0.05). Comparisons between the two groups with each other for both cell lines on the 6th day were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Our results suggest that that cytotoxicity of biomaterial, from different brands, were not similar and some of the biomaterial showed lower degree of toxicity compared to others and specialist using these products showed be aware of this differences. Our investigation indicates more biocompatibility of bioresorbable plates and screws compared to titanium. In addition our results suggest that biomaterials were not completely neutral.

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