1. Ghasemi N, Razavi S, Nikzad E. Multiple sclerosis: pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnoses and cell-based therapy. Cell J. 2017; 19(1): 1-10.
2. Cohen JA, Imrey PB, Planchon SM, Bermel RA, Fisher E, Fox RJ, et al. Pilot trial of intravenous autologous culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2018; 24(4): 501-511.
3. Trapp BD, Nave KA. Multiple sclerosis: an immune or neurodegenerative disorder? Annu Rev Neurosci. 2008; 31: 247-269.
4. Kingwell E, Marriott JJ, Jetté N, Pringsheim T, Makhani N, Morrow SA, et al. Incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Europe: a systematic review. BMC Neurol. 2013; 13(1): 1-13.
5. Pugliatti M, Rosati G, Carton H, Riise T, Drulovic J, Vécsei L, et al. The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Europe. Eur J Neurol. 2006; 13(7): 700-722.
6. Boster A, Edan G, Frohman E, Javed A, Stuve O, Tselis A, et al. Intense immunosuppression in patients with rapidly worsening multiple sclerosis: treatment guidelines for the clinician. Lancet Neurol. 2008; 7(2): 173-183.
7. Stepien A, Dabrowska NL, Maciagowska M, Macoch RP, Zolocinska A, Mazur S, et al. Clinical application of autologous adipose stem cells in patients with multiple sclerosis: preliminary results. Mediators Inflamm. 2016; 2016: 5302120.
8. Ghasemi N, Razavi S, Mardani M, Esfandiari E, Salehi H, Esfahani SHZ. Transplantation of human adipose-derived stem cells enhances remyelination in lysolecithin-induced focal demyelination of rat spinal cord. Mol Biotechnol. 2014; 56(5): 470-478.
9. Bai L, Lennon DP, Eaton V, Maier K, Caplan AI, Miller SD, et al. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells induce Th2- polarized immune response and promote endogenous repair in animal models of multiple sclerosis. Glia. 2009; 57(11): 1192-1203.
10. Sharp J, Frame J, Siegenthaler M, Nistor G, Keirstead HS. Human embryonic stem cell-derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cell transplants improve recovery after cervical spinal cord injury. Stem Cells. 2010; 28(1): 152-163.
11. Constantin G, Marconi S, Rossi B, Angiari S, Calderan L, Anghileri E, et al. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Stem Cells. 2009; 27(10): 2624-2635.
12. Razavi S, Mardani M, Kazemi M, Esfandiari E, Narimani M, Esmaeili A,et al. Effect of leukemia inhibitory factor on the myelinogenic ability of Schwann-like cells induced from human adipose-derived stem cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2013 ; 33(2): 283-289.
13. Razavi S, Razavi MR, Kheirollahi-Kouhestani M, Mardani M, Mostafavi FS. Co-culture with neurotrophic factor secreting cells induced from adipose-derived stem cells: promotes neurogenic differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013; 440(3): 381-387.
14. Agís-Balboa R C, Pinna G, Zhubi A, Maloku E, Veldic M, Costa E, et al. Characterization of brain neurons that express enzymes mediating neurosteroid biosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2006; 103(39): 14602-14607.
15. Vallée M, Mayo W, Le Moal M. Role of pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone and their sulfate esters on learning and memory in cognitive aging. Brain Res Rev. 2001; 37(1-3): 301-312.
16. Daugherty DJ, Selvaraj V, Chechneva OV, Liu XB, Pleasure DE,Deng W. A TSPO ligand is protective in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. EMBO Mol Med. 2013; 5(6): 891-903.
17. Naylor JC, Kilts JD, Hulette CM, Steffens DC, Blazer DG, Ervin JF, et al. Allopregnanolone levels are reduced in temporal cortex in patients with Alzheimer’s disease compared to cognitively intact control subjects. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010; 1801(8): 951-959.
18. Vallée M. Neurosteroids and potential therapeutics: focus on pregnenolone. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2016; 160: 78-87.
19. Razavi SR, Ghasemi N, Mardani M, Salehi H. Co-transplantation of human neurotrophic factor secreting cells and adipose-derived stem cells in rat model of multiple sclerosis. Cell J. 2018; 20(1): 46.
20. Torkildsen Ø, Brunborg L, Myhr K M, Bø L. The cuprizone model for demyelination. Acta Neurol Scand. 2008; 117: 72-76.
21. Paxinos G, Watson C. The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates. 6th ed. Oxford: Academic Press; 2007: 62.
22. Hedayatpour A, Ragerdi I, Pasbakhsh P, Kafami L, Atlasi N, Mahabadi VP, et al. Promotion of remyelination by adipose mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in a cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis. Cell J. 2013; 15(2): 142-151.
23. Guan D, Li P, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Zhang D, Jiang J. An ultra-sensitive monoclonal antibody-based competitive enzyme immunoassay for aflatoxin M1 in milk and infant milk products. Food Chem. 2011; 125(4): 1359-1364.
24. Milo R, Miller A. Revised diagnostic criteria of multiple sclerosis. Autoimmun Rev. 2014; 13(4-5): 518-524.
25. Baecher-Allan C, Kaskow BJ, Weiner HL. Multiple sclerosis: mechanisms and immunotherapy. Neuron. 2018; 97(4): 742-768.
26. Namjooyan F, Ghanavati R, Majdinasab N, Jokari S, Janbozorgi M. Uses of complementary and alternative medicine in multiple sclerosis. J Tradit Complement Med. 2014; 4(3): 145-152.
27. Sen A, Lea-Currie YR, Sujkowska D, Franklin DM, Wilkison WO, Halvorsen YDC, et al. Adipogenic potential of human adipose derived stromal cells from multiple donors is heterogeneous. J Cell Biochem. 2001; 81(2): 312-319.
28. Skripuletz T, Gudi V, Hackstette D, Stangel M. De-and remyelination in the CNS white and grey matter induced by cuprizone: the old, the new, and the unexpected. Histol Histopathol. 2011; 26(12): 1585-1597.
29. Hiremath M, Saito Y, Knapp G, Ting JY, Suzuki K, Matsushima G. Microglial/macrophage accumulation during cuprizone-induced demyelination in C57BL/6 mice. J Neuroimmunol. 1998; 92(1-2): 38-49.
30. Franklin RJ. Remyelination in the CNS: from biology to therapy. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008; 9(11): 839-855.
31. Ganji R, Razavi S, Ghasemi N, Mardani M. Improvement of remyelination in demyelinated corpus callosum using human adiposederived stem cells (hADSCs) and pregnenolone in the cuprizone rat model of multiple sclerosis. J Mol Neurosci. 2020; 70(7): 1088-1099.
32. Ishii A, Fyffe-Maricich SL, Furusho M, Miller RH, Bansal R. ERK1/ERK2 MAPK signaling is required to increase myelin thickness independent of oligodendrocyte differentiation and initiation of myelination. J Neurosci. 2012; 32(26): 8855-8864.
33. Aharonowiz M, Einstein O, Fainstein N, Lassmann H, Reubinoff B, Ben-Hur T. Neuroprotective effect of transplanted human embryonic stem cell-derived neural precursors in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. PLoS One. 2008; 3(9): e3145.
34. Burt RK, Loh Y, Cohen B, Stefoski D, Balabanov R, Katsamakis G, et al. Autologous non-myeloablative haemopoietic stem cell transplantation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a phase I/II study. Lancet Neurol. 2009; 8(3): 244-253.