Document Type : Systematic Review
Authors
1
Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
2
Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
3
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
4
Nanoclub Elites Association, Tehran, Iran
5
Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Sanandaj, Iran
6
Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
7
Cancer and Immunology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
8
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
9
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
10
Neurosciences Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
Abstract
Neural cells are the most important components of the nervous system and have the duty of electrical signal transmission.
Damage to these cells can lead to neurological disorders. Scientists have discovered different methods, such as stem cell
therapy, to heal or regenerate damaged neural cells. Dental stem cells are among the different cells used in this method.
This review attempts to evaluate the effect of biomaterials mentioned in the cited papers on differentiation of human dental
pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) into neural cells for use in stem cell therapy of neurological disorders. We searched international
databases for articles about the effect of biomaterials on neuronal differentiation of hDPSCs. The relevant articles were
screened by title, abstract, and full text, followed by selection and data extraction. Totally, we identified 731 articles and chose
18 for inclusion in the study. A total of four studies employed polymeric scaffolds, four assessed chitosan scaffolds (CS),
two utilised hydrogel scaffolds, one investigation utilised decellularised extracellular matrix (ECM), and six studies applied
the floating sphere technique. hDPSCs could heal nerve damage in regenerative medicine. In the third iteration of nerve
conduits, scaffolds, stem cells, regulated growth factor release, and ECM proteins restore major nerve damage. hDPSCs
must differentiate into neural cells or neuron-like cells to regenerate nerves. Plastic-adherent cultures, floating dentosphere
cultures, CS, polymeric scaffolds, hydrogels, and ECM mimics have been used to differentiate hDPSCs. According to
our findings, the floating dentosphere technique and 3D-PLAS are currently the two best techniques since they result in
neuroprogenitor cells, which are the starting point of differentiation and they can turn into any desired neural cell.
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